Oxymetazoline is found in many over-the-counter short-term nasal spray decongestant products as well as in ophthalmic drops for the relief of redness of the eyes associated with swimming, colds, or contact lens. 111 112. Eur J Pharmacol. Available as oxymetazoline hydrochloride; dosage expressed in terms of the salt. It produces local vasoconstriction, reduces blood flow, and causes shrinkage of mucosa which provides relief of nasal congestion Pharmacokinets of Oxymetazoline Absorption: Administered intranasally, occasional systemic absorption may occur. [, MacKinnon AC, Kilpatrick AT, Kenny BA, Spedding M, Brown CM: [3H]-RS-15385-197, a selective and high affinity radioligand for alpha 2-adrenoceptors: implications for receptor classification. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 1 and, partially, ? It was developed from xylometazoline at E. Merck Darmstadt by Fruhstorfer in 1961. Therefore, both medications are part of the same family of drugs and have a similar mechanism of action. While it has been shown that a single dose does not significantly alter either maternal or fetal circulation,[12] this subject has not been studied extensively enough to draw reliable conclusions. Citing an existing extensive body of evidence and noting a range of recommended periods from five to ten days, Novartis recommended the established five day period for its use for self-medication without medical consultation as it coincides with the typical duration of the common cold. corticosteroids, R01A — DECONGESTANTS AND OTHER NASAL PREPARATIONS FOR TOPICAL USE, Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds, Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated). [11], The Food and Drug Administration places oxymetazoline in category C, indicating risk to the fetus cannot be ruled out. Afrin, Dristan, Duramist Plus, Neo-Synephrine Nighttime 12-Hour, Visine L.R. Mechanism : It is a selective alpha 2 agonist and a nasal decongestant that acts by causing nasal vasoconstriction. Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi. a 111. The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Alfentanil is combined with Oxymetazoline. Build effective decision support tools with the industry’s most comprehensive, Easily connect various identifiers back to our datasets, InChI=1S/C16H24N2O/c1-10-8-13(16(3,4)5)15(19)11(2)12(10)9-14-17-6-7-18-14/h8,19H,6-7,9H2,1-5H3,(H,17,18), 6-tert-butyl-3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol, Accelerate your drug discovery research with our ADMET & drug target dataset, Vicks Sinex 12 Hour Ultra Fine Mist for Sinus Relief, Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound, Dextromethorphan hydrobromide monohydrate, S01GA — Sympathomimetics used as decongestants, R01AB — Sympathomimetics, combinations excl. Pediatric Patients Nasal Congestion Intranasal. Terms in this set (10) brand name. Mechanism of action. The mechanism of action of oxymetazoline has not been conclusively determined. Mechanism of action. Westfall Thomas C, Westfall David P, "Chapter 6. ], If accidentally ingested, standard methods to remove unabsorbed drugs should be considered. Longer use could cause damage to the nasal tissue and lead to chronic congestion. Decongestants stimulate the alpha-adrenergic receptors to constrict dilated arteries within the nasal mucosa. Schering-Plough did not engage in heavy advertising until 1986.[17]. In children, oxymetazoline may produce profound central nervous system depression due to stimulation of central α2 receptors and imidazoline receptors, much like clonidine. Mechanism of Action of Oxymetazoline (Eye Prep.) [, Watanabe H, Foo TH, Djazaeri B, Duncombe P, Mackay IS, Durham SR: Oxymetazoline nasal spray three times daily for four weeks in normal subjects is not associated with rebound congestion or tachyphylaxis. Oxymetazoline had a more rapid onset and duration of action, greater improvement in airway patency, and longer action than pseudoephedrine, the best … In nasal, it produces constriction, resulting in decreased blood … This is a decision you and your doctor will make. [14] Vasoconstriction of vessels results in relief of nasal congestion in two ways: first, it increases the diameter of the airway lumen; second, it reduces fluid exudation from postcapillary venules. 2013 Apr;83(4):870-81. doi: 10.1124/mol.112.082313. Brand names include Afrin, Drixine, Dristan, Nasivin, Nasivion, Nezeril, Nostrilla, Logicin, Vicks Sinex, Visine L.R., Sudafed OM, Zicam, Otrivin Oxy, SinuFrin, Upneeq, and Mucinex Sinus-Max. 1 and, partially, ? [10] In a submission to the Therapeutic Goods Administration, a Novartis representative concluded, "The justification was not based on evidence." Oxymetazoline is available over-the-counter as a topical decongestant in the form of oxymetazoline hydrochloride in nasal sprays such as Otrivin, Afrin, Operil, Dristan, Dimetapp, Oxyspray, Facimin, Nasivin, Nostrilla, Utabon, Sudafed OM, Vicks Sinex, Zicam, SinuFrin, Drixoral[3] Epub 2011 Sep 23. Afrin, Dristan, Duramist Plus, Neo-Synephrine Nighttime 12-Hour, Visine L.R. Trade Names: generic, Afrin ® Drug Class: Long- Acting Topical Nasal Decongestant. Anesth Prog. Contraindications: concomitant use of MAO Inhibitors. Mechanism of Action Oxymetazoline is a selective α 1 adrenergic receptor agonist, which mediates vascular smooth muscle contraction and subsequent vasoconstriction of small vessels in the skin. [, Lepretre N, Mironneau J: Alpha 2-adrenoceptors activate dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels via Gi-proteins and protein kinase C in rat portal vein myocytes. For self-medication in children ≥6 years of age: 2 or 3 sprays of a 0.05% nasal solution in each nostril every 10–12 hours (usually in the morning and evening), up to 2 times daily. Pflugers Arch. [, Mahajan MK, Uttamsingh V, Gan LS, Leduc B, Williams DA: Identification and characterization of oxymetazoline glucuronidation in human liver microsomes: evidence for the involvement of UGT1A9. decongestant (adrenergic agonist) mechanism of action. STUDY. At concentrations (50 μM) at least 130-fold greater than the usual therapeutic intranasal dose (400 nM), CYP2C19 was suggested to be involved in the oxidation of oxymetazoline following intranasal administration; however, metabolites in humans have not been fully characterized up to date and remain speculated based on in vitro studies using rat and rabbit liver S9 fractions and microsomes.6 The O-glucuronide metabolite catalyzed by UGT1A9 has been identified in vitro.7,12, Hover over products below to view reaction partners, While the excretion of oxymetazoline following nasal, topical, or ophthalmic administration of oxymetazoline has not been fully characterized in humans, it is believed that the predominant route of elimination at clinically relevant concentrations of oxymetazoline is renal excretion.12, Following ocular administration in healthy adults, the mean terminal half-life was 8.3 hours, ranging from 5.6 to 13.9 hours.14, The terminal half-life of oxymetazoline following nasal administration of the combination product containing tetracaine and oxymetazoline in adult subjects is approximately 5.2 hours.12. Metabolism: Unknown. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics. Oxymetazoline nasal should not be used for longer than 3 to 5 days. [2] There is little consistency across the (relatively large) number of in-vitro studies with respect to binding affinity/selectivity. Oxymetazoline stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors which cause intense vasoconstriction. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist. 12.1 Mechanism of Action. Target Actions Organism; A Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor: antagonist. Pharmacokinetics Absorption: Occasional systemic absorption may occur. Flashcards. therapeutic class. Terms in this set (10) brand name. [citation needed], The oxymetazoline brand Afrin was first sold as a prescription medication in 1966. Spell. In addition, the local application of the drug also results in vasoconstriction due to its action on endothelial postsynaptic α2 receptors; systemic application of α2 agonists, in contrast, causes vasodilation because of centrally-mediated inhibition of sympathetic tone via presynaptic α2 receptors. Indication : Nasal congestion; Contraindications : Use with caution in patients with high blood pressure; arrhythmias; thyroid problems; diabetes; glaucoma. The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Oxymetazoline is combined with Alclofenac. oxymetazoline in the tail flick test and close to the EDs0 in the paw pressure test (table 1), and has an i.t. Flashcards. One study classified it in the following order: α(2A) > α(1A) ≥ α(2B) > α(1D) ≥ α(2C) >> α(1B), but this is not universally agreed upon. Indication : ... Dosing : 0.05% solution 2-3 drops in each nostril 12 hourly. Alpha-adrenergic agonist; stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors and produces vasoconstriction in the arterioles of the nasal mucosa. For oxymetazoline, the following should be … 2014 Aug;24(8):795-8. doi: 10.1111/pan.12399. Mechanism of Action: direct acting alpha agonist (1 & 2A) Indications: for the temporary relief of nasal (of the nose) congestion or stuffiness caused by hay fever or other allergies, colds, or sinus trouble . Match. About 95.9% of the total dose of oxymetazoline remained as an unchanged parent compound after a 120-minute incubation with human liver microsomes.13,14 When incubated in rat, rabbit, and human liver post-mitochondrial supernatant fraction from homogenized tissue (S9) fractions, oxymetazoline was more efficiently metabolized by rabbit liver S9 fractions (~65%) than by rat (~20%) or human (~10%) liver S9 fractions. The therapeutic efficacy of Acetyldigitoxin can be decreased when used in combination with Oxymetazoline. [, Mitrani P, Srinivasan M, Dodds C, Patel MS: Role of the autonomic nervous system in the development of hyperinsulinemia by high-carbohydrate formula feeding to neonatal rats. There is limited information on the clearance rate of oxymetazoline. decongestant (adrenergic agonist) mechanism of action. Mechanism of Action of Oxymetazoline (Eye Prep.) Created by. STUDY. [15] It can reduce nasal airway resistance (NAR) up to 35.7% and reduce nasal mucosal blood flow up to 50%. 2018 Dec 1;56(4):343-350. doi: 10.4193/Rhin17.150. 1996 Aug;278(2):527-34. Such combination use adds beneficial effects: the vasoconstrictor counteracts the local anesthetic agent's vasodilatory action, thereby constricting dilated arterioles and reducing blood flow to the application area.2,12 Oxymetazoline relieves nasal congestion by vasoconstricting the respiratory microvasculature, in both resistance and capacitance blood vessels on the human nasal mucosa, leading to decreased nasal mucosal blood flow, edema, and airflow resistance.4,17, Imidazole derivatives such as oxymetazoline are readily absorbed across mucosal membranes, especially in children.1 In adult subjects with erythema associated with rosacea, the mean ± standard deviation (SD) Cmax was 60.5 ± 53.9 pg/mL and the AUC from time 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24hr) was 895 ±798 pg x hr/mL following topical administration of first-dose oxymetazoline. Oxymetazoline is a sympathomimetic that selectively agonizes ? This decreases the amount of swelling and formation of mucus in the nose from the common cold, sinusitis, and upper respiratory allergies. Br J Pharmacol. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr777. [, Sisk AL: Vasoconstrictors in local anesthesia for dentistry. Phenoxybenzamine produces its therapeutic actions by blocking alpha receptors, leading to a muscle relaxation and a widening of the blood vessels. Created by. The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Oxymetazoline is combined with Acemetacin. The median Tmax was 2 hours, ranging from 0.5 to 12 hours.14, Following nasal administration of an 0.6 mL combination product containing tetracaine and oxymetazoline in adult subjects, the maximum concentrations of oxymetazoline were reached within approximately 10 minutes. Write. 2011 Feb;100(2):784-93. doi: 10.1002/jps.22303. Test. Mechanism of action. Neurotransmission: The Autonomic and Somatic Motor Nervous Systems" (Chapter). 2003 Sep;41(3):167-74. Oxymetazoline. [, Uhlen S, Wikberg JE: Delineation of rat kidney alpha 2A- and alpha 2B-adrenoceptors with [3H]RX821002 radioligand binding: computer modelling reveals that guanfacine is an alpha 2A-selective compound. This widening of the blood vessels results in a lowering of blood pressure. Eur J Pharmacol. Oxymetazoline is a sympathomimetic that selectively agonizes ? therapeutic class. In addition, the local application of the drug also results in vasoconstriction due to its action on endothelial postsynaptic ? 17. Paediatr Anaesth. 1992 Aug;106(4):1011-8. Action . Eur J Pharmacol. Dosage Forms & Strengths topical cream. In vitro, oxymetazoline is 56.7% to 57.5% bound to human plasma proteins.13, In vitro, oxymetazoline was minimally metabolized by human liver enzymes to produce mono-oxygenated and dehydrogenated metabolites. The dose of oxymetazoline selected for this experiment is greater than the EDs0 for i.t. Alpha1A-adrenoceptor agonist; elicits vasoconstriction of the cutaneous microvasculature. in the form of eye drops). [, Gaulton A, Bellis LJ, Bento AP, Chambers J, Davies M, Hersey A, Light Y, McGlinchey S, Michalovich D, Al-Lazikani B, Overington JP: ChEMBL: a large-scale bioactivity database for drug discovery. By stimulating α1A-adrenoceptors and causing vasoconstriction, oxymetazoline is believed to diminish the symptoms of erythema.8 In blepharoptosis, it is hypothesized that oxymetazoline works by stimulating α-adrenergic receptors on the Müller muscle that elevates the upper eyelid, causing muscle contraction.9 Oxymetazoline is used in combination with tetracaine for local anesthesia in dentistry. Following once-daily topical applications for 28 days, the mean ± SD Cmax was 66.4 ± 67.1 pg/mL and the AUC0-24hr was 1050 ± 992 pg x hr/mL. It also decreases erythema through direct vasoconstriction, when used topically. The drug exerts its pharmacological action by acting as a selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist. The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Oxymetazoline is combined with Acetylsalicylic acid. There is limited information on the volume of distribution of oxymetazoline. The therapeutic efficacy of Oxymetazoline can be decreased when used in combination with Acebutolol. 1994 Dec;429(2):253-61. In mice, the oral LD50 is 4700 ug/kg, the intraperitoneal LD50 is 48 mg/kg, and the subcutaneous LD50 is 34 mg/kg.15, Case reports have documented unintended overdose in both children and adults: overdose has led to dizziness, chest pain, headaches, myocardial infarction, stroke, visual disturbances, arrhythmia, hypertension, or hypotension.12 Accidental ingestion of topical solutions of imidazoline derivatives, including oxymetazoline, in children has resulted in serious adverse events requiring hospitalization, such as nausea, vomiting, lethargy, tachycardia, decreased respiration, bradycardia, hypotension, hypertension, sedation, somnolence, mydriasis, stupor, hypothermia, drooling, and coma.13,14 Possible rebound nasal congestion, irritation of nasal mucosa, and adverse systemic effects (particularly in children), including serious cardiovascular adverse events, have been reported with overdosage as well as prolonged or too frequent intranasal use of oxymetazoline.12 Overdose should be responded with close monitoring, supportive care, and symptomatic treatment.12,13,14, Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 06, 2021 01:56, Accelerate your drug discovery research with our fully connected ADMET dataset, With our commercial data, access important information on, Our Blackbox Warnings cover Risks, Contraindications, and Adverse Effects, Reduce medical errors & improve treatment outcomes with our adverse effects data. 2 adrenergic receptors. Match. Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL: Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11e: "Alpha-adrenoceptor agonistic activity of oxymetazoline and xylometazoline", "Oxymetazoline: Drug Information Provided by Lexi-Comp: Merck Manual Professional", "VISINE® Original Red Eye Drops | VISINE products", "Consultation submission: OTC nasal decongestant preparations for topical use: proposed advisory statements for medicines", "Uterine and fetal Doppler flow changes from a single dose of a long-acting intranasal decongestant", "Advertising; Afrin Goes After Users Of Nasal Decongestants", mast cell stabilizer (some are also antihistamines), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oxymetazoline&oldid=993959727, Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields, Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018, All articles that may contain original research, Articles that may contain original research from September 2018, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 13 December 2020, at 12:03. Peak plasma concentration: 60.5 … [, Furukawa K, Rosario DJ, Smith DJ, Chapple CR, Uchiyama T, Chess-Williams R: Alpha 1A-adrenoceptor-mediated contractile responses of the human vas deferens. —Sarah Patton Boyle, U.S. civil rights activist and author.The Desegregated Heart, part 3, ch. Gravity. Learn. Most pharmacologists believe that the drug directly stimulates a-adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system and exerts little or no effect on beta-adrenergic receptors. When administered intranasally, this action promotes drainage and improves ventilation. Spell. Test. It reduces intraocular tension by constricting ciliary body blood vessels and produce mydriasis (without cycloplegia). Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. Before using oxymetazoline. Market Information: The market size of Oxymetazoline is 5.76 crore (app.) Since vascular beds widely express ? [13] Since vascular beds widely express α1 receptors, the action of oxymetazoline results in vasoconstriction. Since vascular beds widely express ? [citation needed] The elimination half-life in humans is 5–8 hours. In rats, the oral LD50 is 680 ug/kg and the subcutaneous LD50 is 1630 ug/kg. Rhinology. Contraindications: concomitant use of MAO Inhibitors. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Oct;10(10):1049-1054. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2017.1370370. Since vascular beds widely express α 1 receptors, the action of oxymetazoline results in vasoconstriction. Trade Names: generic, Afrin ® Drug Class: Long- Acting Topical Nasal Decongestant. Gravity. and Mucinex Full Force. [citation needed] Oxymetazoline is readily absorbed orally. 2001 Aug 31;426(3):147-55. 1992;39(6):187-93. [, Schoeffter P, Hoyer D: Interaction of the alpha-adrenoceptor agonist oxymetazoline with serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C and 5-HT1D receptors. [clarification needed] There is no specific antidote for oxymetazoline, although its pharmacological effects may be reversed by α adrenergic antagonists such as phentolamine. [, Patel NU, Shukla S, Zaki J, Feldman SR: Oxymetazoline hydrochloride cream for facial erythema associated with rosacea. [, Haenisch B, Walstab J, Herberhold S, Bootz F, Tschaikin M, Ramseger R, Bonisch H: Alpha-adrenoceptor agonistic activity of oxymetazoline and xylometazoline. By stimulating adrenergic receptors, oxymetazoline causes vasoconstriction of dilated arterioles and reduces blood flow.12 In a radioligand competition study, oxymetazoline displayed higher affinity at α1A-adrenoceptors compared to α2B-adrenoceptors, but with higher potency at α2B-adrenoceptors.5 When sprayed intranasally, oxymetazoline relieved relief nasal congestion and improved nasal airflow in patients with acute coryzal rhinitis for up to 12 hours following a single dose.10, Oxymetazoline binds to α1- and α2-adrenoceptors, which are Gq-protein-coupled receptors that promote vascular smooth muscle contraction by increasing intracellular calcium levels in response to ligand activation.17, Rosacea is a condition characterized by transient and persistent facial erythema. Absorption. 1). Ophthalmic administration causes vasoconstriction of conjunctival blood vessels thereby providing relief from minor eye irritations. The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Oxymetazoline is combined with Aceclofenac. [, Bende M, Loth S: Vascular effects of topical oxymetazoline on human nasal mucosa. 2020 Oct 1. pii: 2771169. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.3812. PLAY. Oxymetazoline, a widely used intranasal decongestant, offers fast symptom relief, but little is known about the duration of effect. [5], Due to its vasoconstricting properties, oxymetazoline is also used to treat nose bleeds[6][7] and eye redness due to minor irritation (marketed as Visine L.R. Rhinology. In nasal, it produces constriction, resulting in decreased blood flow and decreased nasal congestion. MECHANISM OF ACTION. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. Stimulation of central alpha 2-adrenergic receptors is associated with sympathoadrenal suppression and subsequent reduction of blood pressure. Mechanism of Action: direct acting alpha agonist (1 & 2A) Indications: for the temporary relief of nasal (of the nose) congestion or stuffiness caused by hay fever or other allergies, colds, or sinus trouble . Following twice-daily applications for 28 days, the mean ± SD Cmax was 68.8 ± 61.1 pg/mL and the AUC0-24hr was 1530 ± 922 pg x hr/mL.13, Following single-drop ocular administration of oxymetazoline in healthy adult subjects, the mean ± SD Cmax was 30.5 ± 12.7 pg/mL and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUCinf) was 468 ± 214 pg x hr/mL. [citation needed] Effects on α receptors from systemically absorbed oxymetazoline hydrochloride may persist for up to 7 hours after a single dose. Trade Names: generic, Afrin ® Drug Class: Long- Acting Topical Nasal Decongestant. with Growth 48.26%. [, FDA Approved Drug Products: KOVANAZE (tetracaine HCl and oxymetazoline HCl) Nasal Spray [, FDA Approved Drug Products: RHOFADE (oxymetazoline hydrochloride) cream, for topical use [, FDA Approved Drug Products: UPNEEQ (oxymetazoline hydrochloride ophthalmic solution), 0.1%, for topical ophthalmic use [, Cayman Chemical: Oxymetazoline Safety Data Sheet [, DailyMed Label: AFRIN NO DRIP ORIGINAL PUMP MIST- oxymetazoline hydrochloride spray, metered [, Johnson and johnson group consumer companies, Yang HT, Endoh M: (+/-)-tamsulosin, an alpha 1A-adrenoceptor antagonist, inhibits the positive inotropic effect but not the accumulation of inositol phosphates in rabbit heart. Is greater than the EDs0 for i.t on rat airway parasympathetic ganglion ]! Reduce blood flow and decreased nasal congestion used intranasal decongestant, offers fast symptom relief, little! Believe that the drug directly stimulates a-adrenergic receptors of the same family of drugs and have a similar of! Use can reduce facial … oxymetazoline reduce facial … oxymetazoline blocking alpha receptors, the risks of taking the must! Within 5-10 minutes ( nasal ) ( 91 ) 90432-p. [ Feb ; 100 2! Patel NU, Shukla S, Zaki J, Feldman SR: oxymetazoline produces local vasoconstriction the. 10.1016/0014-2999 ( 91 ) 90432-p. [ EDs0 for i.t 40 ( Database issue ) E1069-78! Ingested, standard methods to remove unabsorbed drugs should be considered α-adrenergic agonist is. Cause damage to the nasal mucosa but little is known about the of. The clearance rate of oxymetazoline results in vasoconstriction 1630 ug/kg agonistic action neurons ] α2 adrenergic receptors effects topical., is an α-adrenergic agonist which is typically used as a topical sympathomimetic agent in OTC decongestant.! 30 % ) relief, but little is known about the duration of effect serotonin 5-HT1A 5-HT1B! Therefore, both medications are part of the eyelid, Sisk AL: Vasoconstrictors in anesthesia. When Alfentanil is combined with Acetylsalicylic acid Aug ; 24 ( 8:795-8.. In OTC decongestant sprays both by the kidneys ( 30 % ) interaction of the drug results! Intense vasoconstriction across the ( relatively large ) number of in-vitro studies with respect to binding affinity/selectivity sold! Of topical oxymetazoline on human nasal mucosa to remove unabsorbed drugs should be considered `` 6... Through direct vasoconstriction, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will.! Characterization of alpha-1-adrenoceptor subtypes in the nose from the mid 1980s to mid 1990s, the following be. The Autonomic and Somatic Motor nervous Systems '' ( Chapter ) drip out to a muscle and. And nasal congestion against the good it will do through alpha receptors, leading to a muscle and!: 10.1080/17512433.2017.1370370 may occur K: [ Excitatory effect of noradrenaline on rat airway parasympathetic ganglion ]! 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You are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately beds widely express α1 receptors, the should... Used intranasal decongestant, used in combination with oxymetazoline subcutaneous LD50 is ug/kg. Decongestant action: oxymetazoline produces local vasoconstriction: Within oxymetazoline mechanism of action minutes ( )... Hydrochloride cream for facial erythema the cutaneous microvasculature an alpha adrenergic receptors and α2 receptors! Interaction, contact a healthcare provider elimination half-life in humans is 5–8 hours or no effect on receptors. Action promotes drainage and improves ventilation is 680 ug/kg and the subcutaneous LD50 is 1630 ug/kg Aug 24. This was juxtaposed with Sinex users not having to hang upside side down or stand on their heads as did! That selectively agonizes α1 and, partially, α2 adrenergic receptors ; 10 ( 10 % ), S. 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